B2 Cells: key vocabulary
Sixteen key words for IGCSE Co-ordinated Sciences topic B2 (cells), with the Vietnamese meaning, how to say each word, a picture and an example. Ends with a test section, and a typing trainer on the site that also practises twelve general science words.
Practice
- B2 Cells: vocabulary trainer – Practise 28 words by typing them: the 16 words of the unit and 12 general science words (hypothesis, variable, reliable). Questions give a definition, a sound or an example sentence; words you miss come back, words you know come back later.
Transcript
Welcome. Here are sixteen key words for topic B two, cells. Listen to each word. Read the Vietnamese meaning. Then look at the picture.
cell. cell. A cell is the smallest unit of a living thing. Here is an example. Your body is made of millions of cells.
nucleus. nucleus. The nucleus controls the cell and contains the D N A. Here is an example. The nucleus is the control centre of a cell.
cytoplasm. cytoplasm. Cytoplasm is the jelly-like liquid where many reactions happen. Here is an example. Many chemical reactions take place in the cytoplasm.
cell membrane. cell membrane. The cell membrane controls what goes in and out of the cell. Here is an example. Oxygen passes through the cell membrane.
cell wall. cell wall. The cell wall is a strong layer around a plant cell. It is made of cellulose. Here is an example. Plant cells have a cell wall, but animal cells do not.
mitochondria. mitochondria. Mitochondria are the parts of a cell where respiration releases energy. Here is an example. Muscle cells have a lot of mitochondria.
ribosome. ribosome. A ribosome is a tiny part of a cell that makes proteins. Here is an example. Proteins are made on ribosomes.
vacuole. vacuole. A vacuole is a space in a cell filled with a liquid called cell sap. Here is an example. A plant cell has one large vacuole.
specialised cell. specialised cell. A specialised cell has a shape that suits its job. Here is an example. A root hair cell is a specialised cell that takes in water.
tissue. tissue. A tissue is a group of similar cells that do the same job. Here is an example. Muscle tissue can contract.
organ. organ. An organ is a group of different tissues that work together. Here is an example. The heart is an organ that pumps blood.
diffusion. diffusion. Diffusion is the net movement of particles from where there are more to where there are fewer. Here is an example. Oxygen moves into cells by diffusion.
osmosis. osmosis. Osmosis is the movement of water through a partially permeable membrane. Here is an example. Water enters root hair cells by osmosis.
partially permeable membrane. partially permeable membrane. A partially permeable membrane lets some particles through, but not others. Here is an example. The cell membrane is a partially permeable membrane.
concentration gradient. concentration gradient. A concentration gradient is a difference in concentration between two places. Here is an example. Particles diffuse down a concentration gradient.
active transport. active transport. Active transport moves particles against a concentration gradient. It needs energy. Here is an example. Root hair cells use active transport to take in mineral ions.
Now, test yourself. I will show you a picture and the meaning in English. Say the English word out loud. Then listen, to check.
cell.
nucleus.
cytoplasm.
cell membrane.
cell wall.
mitochondria.
ribosome.
vacuole.
specialised cell.
tissue.
organ.
diffusion.
osmosis.
partially permeable membrane.
concentration gradient.
active transport.
magnification.
specimen.
structure.
function.
process.
hypothesis.
variable.
control.
reliable.
anomalous.
trend.
conclusion.
Sixteen words. cell. nucleus. cytoplasm. cell membrane. cell wall. mitochondria. ribosome. vacuole. specialised cell. tissue. organ. diffusion. osmosis. partially permeable membrane. concentration gradient. And active transport. Watch this video again until you know all of them.